Can I catch the flu from my dog—or can he catch it from me?

In short, no. However, your dog can pass what’s known as canine influenza to other dogs, and possibly to cats. Two strains of canine influenza virus have been identified, one originating in horses (equine influenza) and the other in birds (avian influenza). Both became canine influenza viruses when transmitted to dogs.

Scientists in South Korea conducted a study demonstrating that canine influenza virus can mix with the virus that causes swine flu, resulting in a new strain of virus. New strains of flu virus are always worrisome because they can cross species barriers, meaning there’s a possibility that dogs could one day infect humans and vice versa, although according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are no documented cases of such infections.

Unlike human influenza, canine flu follows no seasonal patterns and can occur at any time during the year. But dogs have symptoms similar to their humans: coughing, a runny nose, lethargy, and loss of appetite. Canine flu is thought to be spread by respiratory droplets from barking, coughing, or sneezing as well as by contact with contaminated surfaces where the virus can remain for up to 48 hours. This most often occurs when dogs share close quarters such as in doggie daycare centers, groomers, kennels, and shelters.

If your dog exhibits flu symptoms, try to keep him comfortable and well hydrated. Don’t let him near other dogs and cats, and regularly wash or disinfect bedding, dog toys, bowls, and anything else your dog comes in contact with. Wash and disinfect your hands and clothing, too, after touching your dog so you don’t spread the virus to other animals.

With your supportive care, you can expect your dog to recover from the flu in about two to three weeks. Sometimes, though, as with humans, a bacterial infection can develop, which can lead to more serious illness, especially pneumonia. If symptoms are severe and don’t improve, a trip to the vet is in order, where your dog may be prescribed antibiotics.

By the way, there’s also no evidence you can get Covid-19 from your dog (or cat), though there are reports of such pets acquiring the virus—which causes only mild or no symptoms—from their human companions.